Global climate change is having a serious impact on biodiversity throughout the world. One of the most fundamental effects is an increase in earth’s surface temperature which affects ecosystems. Most species are unable to adapt quickly to these changes, leading to population declines or even extinction. Rising temperatures trigger significant habitat shifts. Many animal and plant species are forced to move to colder areas, such as mountains or the poles. This causes habitat fragmentation, which disrupts ecological interactions and reduces reproductive opportunities. For example, tropical fish species have been found to move to cooler areas of the northern ocean, causing an imbalance in the food chain. Changes in rainfall patterns also affect biodiversity. Extreme dehydration can result in forest fires, while excess water leads to flooding. Both conditions threaten natural habitats. Flora and fauna that are highly dependent on certain humidity conditions have difficulty surviving. For example, certain plant species in tropical rainforests are increasingly threatened by land drying. Rising sea levels due to melting polar ice and warming sea water also threaten coastal ecosystems. Coral reefs, as habitats for various marine species, distance themselves from the limits of their life chain and become pale. Declining water quality and rising temperatures are two major threats to the survival of coral reefs, which support as many as 25% of marine species. Meanwhile, invasive species, largely stimulated by climate change, are exacerbating biodiversity problems. These species often take over native habitats, suppressing local species and colonizing resources. For example, invasive plants such as Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) can hinder the growth of local species by covering the surface of the water and reducing oxygen. Apart from these direct impacts, climate change also has the potential to influence species migration patterns. For example, migratory birds can experience a mismatch between migration timing and food availability, which can lead to population declines. This has a direct impact on the ecosystem, as birds play an important role in pollination and pest control. Genetic diversity is also threatened by climate change. As species adapt and evolve, reduced populations lead to a loss of genetic variation. This variation is important for the species’ resistance to disease and environmental change. Loss of genetic diversity can weaken the resilience of the ecosystem as a whole. In the agricultural context, climate change affects sustainable agriculture and food security. Commonly cultivated crops may not be able to adapt to new climatic conditions, putting world food security at risk. The survival of wild plant species that have potential as food sources is also threatened. Therefore, it is important to implement measures to reduce the impact of climate change on biodiversity. Habitat protection, tackling invasive species, and sustainable agricultural practices can help mitigate problems emerging as a result of global warming. Ecosystem sustainability depends on these proactive steps to protect against the challenges of climate change.