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Political scandal is the real or conjectured norm violations of political actors that are reported and framed by news media and other social actors. It has been shown that political scandals have a direct effect on citizens’ evaluations of politicians (e.g., Argyle, 2015), may cause political resignations or other formal reactions, and can also affect citizens’ satisfaction with democracy (von Sikorski, Knoll, & Matthesson, 2017) or trust in politics (Bowler & Karp, 2004). Yet, the effects of political scandals remain inconsistent: Some studies report boosts in voter turnout or damage to incumbent politicians while others report less significant or no effects at all. These variations can be explained by different moderators such as the particular scandalized actor, political party, type of scandal, citizens’ prior attitudes toward the politician and the media’s depiction of the scandal.

In the present article, we analyze how these moderators vary in a large sample of 35 studies that use either experimental or panel designs. Moreover, we investigate the potential long-term influences of political scandals. For this purpose, we employ prolonged-exposure experiments and explore the influencing mechanisms of political scandals on processes of accountability and specific trust judgments.

While most of the studies analyzed the effects of single-politician scandals, we analyzed also multipolitician scandals and investigated whether or not there were spillover effects between political parties (e.g., Riera et al., 2015). Finally, we analyzed whether or not the scandalized political actor was involved in the media’s depiction of the event as well.

Inflation rates affect people’s purchasing power, economic growth and interest costs on the national debt. Understanding and properly managing inflation is a key component to promoting a healthy economy.

Statistical agencies survey prices at a wide range of locations to determine the current value of a basket of consumer goods and services, referred to as a price index. Then they compare the index to its previous value over a period of time to measure monthly or annual rates of inflation.

For example, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) tracks the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which is used to adjust Social Security benefits and other government compensation, provide cost-of-living adjustments for workers and monitor overall consumer price trends. This basket of goods is regularly updated to reflect new products and services, changing consumer preferences and the disappearance of old ones.

A high rate of inflation is often considered bad for an economy because it decreases the purchasing power of a currency. It can also make saving and investing less attractive because money saved in the future will not buy as much as it would if saved today.

High or unpredictable inflation can also erode business profits because the higher production costs of raw materials and wages must be passed on to consumers. This can lead to stagflation, where high prices are combined with slow or no economic growth.

Some people may even hoard goods to protect against high prices, creating shortages and increasing consumer prices. This is known as cost-push inflation.

The world is interdependent, and global affairs are the complex interactions of states, economies, cultures and societies that shape this reality. The study of global affairs encompasses a wide range of topics, including political science, international relations, history and economics. Its interdisciplinary approach offers you a broad foundation of knowledge and the opportunity to tailor your studies to your specific interests.

As a global affairs major, you’ll take courses that explore global issues such as global health and development, poverty and economic inequality, environmental sustainability and governance and foreign policy and diplomacy. You’ll also study the dynamics of power and conflict in our interconnected world. The interdisciplinary nature of the program provides you with a strong understanding of the perspectives of other disciplines, which will give you the skills to work with different approaches and methodologies.

You’ll learn from distinguished faculty members with expertise in a wide range of regions and fields, and you’ll have the option to complete either a major project or senior essay. If you choose to do a senior essay, it can be done in either a substantive seminar of your choosing or in GLBL 4500, the graduate global affairs capstone course.

Our global affairs program will prepare you for a wide range of careers in government, international public service, nongovernmental organizations and international business. You’ll be prepared to tackle the complex challenges of our changing world and become a leader who can create solutions to the most pressing global problems.

A news bulletin has to be a lot more than just a collection of stories. It has to be properly arranged and presented with pace and style. It is also important to be able to give a clear and accurate description of events without sensationalising them. If you over-dramatise a story your audience will not believe it and they may lose respect for your station.

The first step in making a good bulletin is to examine the selection of stories you have and choose those which you want to include in the bulletin. This is a tough job as you have to make some very difficult decisions about which stories go where and what the overall balance should be.

Once you have chosen the main stories it is a good idea to headline the most important ones. This will help to attract listeners and keep them listening through the whole bulletin. It is also useful to headline one dramatic story and a short, light-hearted piece which will attract listeners too.

Try to get sound clips from people involved in the stories you are putting on the air. This can add a personal touch and credibility to the report as well as being interesting for the listener. However, too many sound clips can slow the pace of the bulletin and also irritate the listener.

It is a good idea to take more copy into the studio than you actually need so that you can make adjustments and be ready in case of an emergency. It is also useful to have a couple of spare stories which you can use for quick fill-ins, or in case something goes wrong during the production process.

Whether it’s an unexpected pregnancy, the death of a close friend, or the discovery of infidelity on your spouse, breaking news is always difficult. The way you break the news can make or break the entire situation. Whether you are a manager, a police officer, or even a member of a family, knowing how to deliver bad news can save lives and help people move on.

When you’re dealing with breaking news, it’s important to understand that you are in a race against time. You have to get the story first, but you also have to be right. This can be particularly difficult for journalists, who have to rely on sources to tell them what is happening. As a result, they often end up reporting things that later turn out to be untrue.

You should also be prepared to face some blowback. It is not uncommon for people to blame the messenger when they hear bad news, which can lead to dramatic conflicts that are completely unnecessary. George Clooney’s character in the movie Up in the Air is a prime example of this dynamic, but it can occur in any setting.

The last thing you want to do is leave the person in shock and disbelief. Follow up with a call or meeting, and check in on how they are doing. This shows that you care about them and that you’re not just the bearer of bad news. It can also help them feel heard and supported in their moment of crisis.

The stock market is the place where a large group of people buy and sell shares of publicly owned companies. It’s a crucial tool for saving for retirement and building wealth, and it provides an opportunity to earn higher returns than the rate of inflation. It’s also a major indicator of the health of an economy, with rising stock prices associated with greater business profitability and economic growth while declining ones can be seen as a warning signal.

The stock market includes all the buying and selling of company shares that are publicly available to investors, regardless of whether those companies are public, private, or foreign. The process of a private company becoming public and making its shares available to the general public is called an initial public offering (IPO). Any further buying or selling of those shares after that point is known as trading, and it takes place on marketplaces like exchanges.

These marketplaces bring together multiple buyers and sellers, with the intention of matching them up on a first-come, first-served basis based on price. They also offer real-time information on stock prices, and they’re the reason why you can find up-to-the-minute stocks news on nearly any financial website.

The most widely watched stocks are those of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P 500, but there are many others that are tracked, as well. Other popularly referenced measures of the stock market include real estate investment trusts (REITs, which own or finance commercial property), commodities markets (where you can buy and sell raw materials such as oil and wheat), and bonds (which are debt instruments issued by governments and corporations that pay investors interest payments in return for their face value at maturity). The stock market is also closely linked to broader socioeconomic changes, including the growing popularity of robo-advisors that automatically invest money for individuals.

Story development is the journey of taking an idea and expanding it into a compelling story with fleshed out characters, powerful themes, immersive settings, and a gripping plot. This can be an arduous and time consuming process for many writers, taking months if not years to reach a point where the narrative has reached its full potential. In the world of film and television, it is not uncommon for a script to undergo multiple rewrites and polishes before hitting the green light.

At this stage, it is common for ideas to pop up everywhere. Writers may be prompted by news articles, conversations, or images. During this stage, it is important for writers to write down these ideas as they occur and also to explore what possibilities are inherent in each of them. This includes identifying (or creating) the “hot spots” in each of these ideas: the parts that have the most conflict or emotion, and how this could be developed into a story arc.

Then it’s time to start developing the overall structure of the story, including how one element of the story impacts another. This is where it can be helpful to use storytelling frameworks like the three act structure, Joseph Campbell’s monomyth, or Blake Snyder’s beat sheet. It is also at this stage that it is recommended to consider incorporating other storytelling techniques like flashbacks or nonlinear narratives. These can add additional layers of complexity and depth to the narrative, making it more complex and engaging for readers.

A news alert is a notification sent to you when content changes on the web. It is a very useful tool for keeping up with breaking news stories or tracking specific topics. It can be set up to monitor web pages, news articles, blogs, updated scientific research and more. You can also set up alerts for a specific location such as a city or region. This allows you to stay up to date on local news that may impact your business, such as a new competitor opening in your area. Using Google Alerts, you can even set up an alert for a specific client so that you are aware of any media coverage about them. For example, if your pet store has a local kennel that buys your dog food, treats and toys, you can keep up to date with any news about the kennel to be sure you are offering competitive prices.

A well-written news alert should include the basic facts, answers to the 5 Ws (who, what, where, when and why) and additional background information that explores the wider context of the story. It should be clear and concise without being overly promotional and it should avoid using too many adjectives or superlatives. Ideally, it should be backed up by authoritative sources such as public records or government data.

Thorough proofreading is also crucial to ensuring your news alerts are free of grammatical and spelling errors. This will give a professional, trustworthy impression to journalists and media outlets who receive your alerts.

Economic growth is the rate at which a country’s economy produces more goods and services. It is measured by comparing actual GDP with potential GDP, and it can be influenced by short-term policies like cutting taxes or increasing spending. Potential GDP is determined by labor force growth, capital accumulation, and technological advancements.

There are many ways to increase a nation’s economic growth, but the most important factor is incentive. People have to be encouraged to save, invest, start businesses, attend school, and so on. A well-designed system of incentives creates the right incentives for individuals and companies to take risks that will lead to higher economic growth.

Generally, economic growth comes from two sources: increasing the total amount of physical capital in the economy and the increase in the productivity (output per hour of labor) of that capital. Growing the total number of workers in an economy will also result in economic growth but this is limited by the need to provide basic subsistence for the new workers. Ultimately, the only sustainable way to increase economic growth is through innovation and technological change.

Increasing the economic growth rates of poor countries is one of the most challenging problems facing the world today. There are a lot of resources, time, and labor already being devoted to this problem but the good news is that there may be small, targeted interventions that can have a big impact. The key is to figure out what works and doesn’t work, based on research and real-world experience.

A record of a vote taken by members of Parliament. It is used to ratify legislation and confirm appointments and other official decisions of the Government. It is normally printed in full and, when corrected, is incorporated into the Minutes of Proceedings and committee Evidence.

A parliamentary system of voting in which people choose their favourite candidate(s) by ranking them in order of preference. The simplest form is first past the post, where seats in Parliament closely reflect votes cast. Other systems are more proportional and give parties a better link to their voters, such as the Single Transferable Vote (SNTV) or the Alternative Vote Plus. The ‘threshold’ that must be passed to win a seat varies from system to system, but most have it at least slightly above the 50% mark.

The process by which the House of Commons decides whether a bill should be voted on and, if so, how it should be amended. It consists of a series of stages and is initiated by a motion.

Any place or territorial area entitled to return a member of the House of Commons. During debates, members are identified not by their names but by the name of their electoral district.

The political party that wins the most seats at a general election becomes the UK Government. The leader of the winning party is known as the Prime Minister and chooses who takes other senior positions in the Government, such as Chancellor of the Exchequer and Home Secretary.